THE METAMORPHOSIS BY FRANZ KAFKA Essay Example For Students

THE METAMORPHOSIS BY FRANZ KAFKA Essay The setting of this novel is in a room within an apartment. It is a first person point of view with most of the novel taking place in the head of the main character himself/itself. It does not change throughout the book, except when Gregors family rent out a room. Which does play a pretty important role in the book as well, introducing some super minor characters in the novel. Most of the plot that takes place in the main characters head is from his view of everything that happens in his room and what he is able to observe in there. We will write a custom essay on THE METAMORPHOSIS BY FRANZ KAFKA specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now There is only really one main character in the book, his name is Gregor Samsa. His sister Grete, and his mother and father are also some important characters in the novel, as well. Gregor is a very determined man, or was to say the least, he was turned into a giant bug, hence the name of the book. Before he was turned into a giant bug he was a traveling salesman, making money to pay off his familys debt, and was doing a good job of it. His sister Grete is around 16 and 17, she sticks up for Gregor, but by the end of the novel she has turned and she is the one who wishes Gregor to leave. Gregors mother sticks up for Gregor when his father gets into a tantrum about Gregor, she has asthma but is still forced to get a job when they are in need of financial support. Gregors father seems to show a dislike to Gregor after he has changed, he is old and also has to work although he has not worked for several years. The characters are affected by the setting of the novel for several reasons. The apartment is very large and expensive to rent, but they cant move because they believe that they cant do it without revealing Gregor in his metamorphosis. Because of this they must all work in order to pay off their family debt, as well as everything else, including the rent, food, etc. If they were perhaps in a smaller apartment the stress would not have been as great, for the stress is what I believe to have led Gregors sister, Grete, to have had suggested the idea of getting rid of Gregor , which eventually led to his demise. The combination of stress and hardship of maintaining their apartment and paying off their debt, causes them to take drastic actions. Grete doesnt even address Gregor as him, but it, even she who has stuck by him this long, seems to have given up all hope of Gregor of turning back to normal. The three brothers moving in also affects the play because they are the! ones who makes Grete realize all that and knows she cant take living with Gregor any longer. The character which I most identify with in the novel, would have to be Gregor. I identify because like when Gregors transformation into a bug changed his parents attitude about him. My parents do the same thing when I do something such as bringing home a bad report card, and thats when things get crazy. I also identify with Gregor because I can take it sometimes, but sometimes I just dont want to. Gregor also seems like the pretty clear headed type sometimes, and sometimes not, he likes to have some sort of fun occasionally and that is sort of like me. Im kind of like Gregor, but then Im kind of not. Im not a traveling salesman, for instance. I didnt turn into a giant bug, but I do have younger siblings though. My little sister does play an instrument, a piano, not a violin, so I guess I also have alot in common with Gergor. Some examples of symbolism in the novel is the apple that Gregors father threw at him, which got stuck in his back. .u2191a094d92408547e216e2a6135ee43 , .u2191a094d92408547e216e2a6135ee43 .postImageUrl , .u2191a094d92408547e216e2a6135ee43 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u2191a094d92408547e216e2a6135ee43 , .u2191a094d92408547e216e2a6135ee43:hover , .u2191a094d92408547e216e2a6135ee43:visited , .u2191a094d92408547e216e2a6135ee43:active { border:0!important; } .u2191a094d92408547e216e2a6135ee43 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u2191a094d92408547e216e2a6135ee43 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u2191a094d92408547e216e2a6135ee43:active , .u2191a094d92408547e216e2a6135ee43:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u2191a094d92408547e216e2a6135ee43 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u2191a094d92408547e216e2a6135ee43 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u2191a094d92408547e216e2a6135ee43 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u2191a094d92408547e216e2a6135ee43 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u2191a094d92408547e216e2a6135ee43:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u2191a094d92408547e216e2a6135ee43 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u2191a094d92408547e216e2a6135ee43 .u2191a094d92408547e216e2a6135ee43-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u2191a094d92408547e216e2a6135ee43:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Stranger Cultural Analysis Essay Gregor had left the thing in his back for the whole month which it took him to heal the wound. The apple was like a symbol of the pain he was going through, and it being in his back showed how he . The Metamorphosis By Franz Kafka Essay Example For Students The Metamorphosis By Franz Kafka Essay Franz Kafka was different, a man bent on portraying changes everywhere. Kafka was also a man consumed by death, consumed by the fact that he might eventually die. One man who was greatly affected by his fathers negligence of him, and a social deviance about him which held him back from interaction. Such a man was so afraid about what society thought of his writing, that he never widely published his works, and even asked a friend to burn all manuscripts. Not only was Kafka Jewish, he resented this fact. Once Kafka even stated that Sometimes Id like to stuff all Jews (myself included) into a drawer of a laundry basket-then open it to see if theyve suffocated. As anyone can see, Kafka was enormously enticed by death, and the fact that he greatly disliked his own cultural status, and even his family. Even though, this man was one accompanied by great wisdom, which was shown in the writing of Metamorphosis. Kafka was a political genius who showed all his political beliefs through his one great work, Metamorphosis. All of the experiences in Kafkas life are portrayed through Gregor, a person who wished he was dead at the end of Kafkas words. Distant from the poor, meager, and mostly un-vivacious reality of life and its hardships stands one man, Gregor, a provider of financial resources for his family. Such a young man is making his way in society, and the world in general. Through Gregors successes, and his almost workaholic attitude, he has suffered into prospering. Prosperity is an awkward word, for it is one which not only describes a persons wealth, though also his downfalls. The great undoing of prosperity shows itself in Gregor as he becomes a monster, one created by Anti-Marxist society. Since Gregors is a society which eventually shuns him, and his great mind for one fact. A fact that I wish to prove, through gazing at the society created in Kafkas mind. However, a fact that has worth in studying because of its multi-faceted grooves and perceptions of society . We will write a custom essay on The Metamorphosis By Franz Kafka specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now In taking a glance at Kafkas complex society, one must also see his society as an extension of Gregor. A person must first look at the meaning of Gregors name in German, and its derivation into English. The name Gregor is closely associated to Gregariously, which refers to a sociable and jovial mindset. Gregor is seen as the epitome of sociable, a traveling salesman. However, Gregor is one who is meeting new people all the time, but never forming any lasting friendships that mellow into anything intimate(118). Through being a traveling salesman, Gregor must be friendly, though his forward happiness seems only a ploy to keep up his gut wrenching work. Gregors is only in this business because of a family debt to his boss. Gregor seems trapped in life and is unable to make a clean break from it(119). Gregor seems isolated as though only a money maker, unable to really live his life in freedom. As Gregors Metamorphosis begins, it does so in midi res. The transformation of Gregors body into a monstrous vermin(pg.117) is a ploy by Kafka to show that Gregors body has been transformed, yet his mind had not changed at all. Still, Gregor was addicted to his work and proudly stated that Ill be dressed in a minute, pack up my samples and catch my train(134). Instead of first thinking of himself, Gregor automatically thinks of his job and how, I have to take care of my parents and sister(134). Gregor is unaware that the family and office manager are unable to understand his speech. They stated Did you understand a single word of that(130), in order to show the reader that the speech of Gregor had changed, and therefore him as a whole has supposedly changed. The father drove Gregor forward with a great uproar(139), and eventually closed the door with his cane(139). Gregor had become the man of his household, though then is treated horribly just because he has changed. Such change may be a ploy to suggest that the physical matters much more than the mental in the eyes of this society. In great change always comes unexpected reactions, though this was absurd to Gregor. His family had now begun to treat him like an animal, just for one difference. While Gregor is bleeding heavily(139), the family In the course of the very first day, father laid out their overall financial circumstances and prospects to both the mother and the sister(148). The family prospers during Gregors forced employment and then nearly perishes after Gregors Metamorphosis. Instead of worrying about Gregors physical status, they talk of financial status after their money machine has broken down. This kind of behavior is eventually seen as influenced by Capatalistic society. One day this man of society is changed by the evils of capitalism and its social scene. From being a savior to his family, Gregor Samsa is transformed into a monstrous vermin(117). Kafka takes this young man in a capitalist society, and shows how he is a good person being flung into forced labor by his immediate family. The boss of Gregors work is shown as a man who he talks down to the employee from his great height(119). This commanding Boss is portrayed as government, one which takes away the liberties of a people he is supposed to protect. Gregors work (employer) almost seems like Big Brother, as a powerful psychological force. In this story there is a recluse sense of Karl Marxs idealistic society. In the proletariat is Gregor, a man sold as a commodity, and with changing value. However, his family seems to be the bourgeoisie class which thrives from the hardships and labor of the proletarians. This story of change is a great satire, such as George Orwells Animal Farm, for it condemns the wrongs of capitalism and implores the good of communism. Communism is seen as a community, and a journey through life filled with many comrades in many of Marx, Trotsky, and Engles writings. Such writings shows t his community as a good thing, though condemns what happens when the changed, Communistic Gregor is isolated. A prolonged isolation would inevitably end not in national communism, but in a restoration of capitalism., as Trotsky once stated. A father of communism, is here trying to illuminate on how isolation makes a person resort back to capitalisms evils. As another father of communism, Friedrich Engels, once states that Communism is a move from isolation, and into association. Gregor here has been thrown into a period of isolation from ones he loved, because he is now different. Of course, through isolation, such a family is trying to manifest Gregor from a beast to a conformist. Gregor had always been a conformist, even in his worsened state he decided that next time the door opened, he would take over the familys affairs(169). In a deathly state, Gregor was still willing to work in order to allow his family to love him once more. Isolation had made him not worried of being a pro letariat, though instead worried about his family (even if they didnt act as such).Through such an ordeal that Gregor and his family had gone through, he was never well appreciated. It was not the families consideration for him which held them back, rather, maybe the main obstacle to the families relocation was their utter despair and their sense of being struck by a misfortune like no one else among their friends and relatives (168). Gregors family had not felt thrown aback and mournful by his Metamorphosis, yet that could never live as they used to, as rich and unemployed.In a strike to defend herself, even the beloved sister of Gregor, Grete has become enraged at her brother (if that is what he has become). Human Beings cant possibly live with such an animal(180). All have denounced Gregor as an animal, and yet not apart of the family, apart of an isolated animal kingdom. Verily, even Karl Marx once wrote, In small numbers, an animal so defenseless as evolving man might struggle along even in conditions of isolation. In this one sentence, the entire plot of the Metamorphosis is revealed, of how man is truly an animal who not only struggles, though eventually dies in isolation. The isolation solely did not kill Gregor, yet the results of isolation, and that disassociation from any family or love is what eventually kills Gregor. So, indeed here the values of communism are evoked as the eminent solution to isolation, or even death. .u43130da14f6584cbdca35321510aac54 , .u43130da14f6584cbdca35321510aac54 .postImageUrl , .u43130da14f6584cbdca35321510aac54 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u43130da14f6584cbdca35321510aac54 , .u43130da14f6584cbdca35321510aac54:hover , .u43130da14f6584cbdca35321510aac54:visited , .u43130da14f6584cbdca35321510aac54:active { border:0!important; } .u43130da14f6584cbdca35321510aac54 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u43130da14f6584cbdca35321510aac54 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u43130da14f6584cbdca35321510aac54:active , .u43130da14f6584cbdca35321510aac54:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u43130da14f6584cbdca35321510aac54 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u43130da14f6584cbdca35321510aac54 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u43130da14f6584cbdca35321510aac54 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u43130da14f6584cbdca35321510aac54 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u43130da14f6584cbdca35321510aac54:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u43130da14f6584cbdca35321510aac54 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u43130da14f6584cbdca35321510aac54 .u43130da14f6584cbdca35321510aac54-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u43130da14f6584cbdca35321510aac54:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Genocide in East Timor EssayGregors death symbolizes a death of his freedoms, and therefore all peoples freedoms. This death comes from an immediate change, although how may one live without changing for better or worse. Living is only a short lived changing atmosphere, one only regulated by society. However, society is consistently regulated by politics and government of Big Brother. Also society is a driving force in culture, and it certainly regulated the end of Gregor, and the lofty death of capitalism. The Metamorphosis By Franz Kafka Essay Example For Students The Metamorphosis By Franz Kafka Essay Throughout literary history, certain authors are so unique and fresh in their approach to the written word that they come to embody a genre. Franz Kafka is one such author; Die Verwandlung or The Metamorphosis is one of his works that helped coin the term Kafkaesque. Through this novella, Kafka addresses the timeless theme of people exploit-ing others as a means to an end. He demonstrates this point through showing that a familys unhealthy dependence on the main character results in that characters dependence on the family. Kafkas unorthodox beginning of The Metamorphosis reads as what would seem to be a climactic moment: As Gregor Samsa awoke one morning from uneasy dreams he found himself transformed in his bed into a gigantic insect. We will write a custom essay on The Metamorphosis By Franz Kafka specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The reader is henceforth bound to the story in search of the reason for and meaning of this hideous metamorphosis. Shortly thereafter, the reader may also notice that although Gregor is quite aware of his condition, given these bizarre circumstances he is not at all in the state of panic one might expect. On the contrary, the insect is frustrated that it cannot get out of bed to go to work! As Gregor tries to rouse himself from bed in his present condition, his observation that he himself wasnt feeling particularly fresh and active is macabre in its passive acknowledgment of the absurdity of his state (p. 855). This sets the tone for the remainder of the first chapter of the story. Gregor, a person typically not a hindered by small aches and pains, (p. 857) clings to his rational nature as he struggles with the slow-in-coming realization that he is more than temporarily incapacitated (p. 863). The first chapter ends shortly after Gregor reveals his new form. The sight of the insect elicited an expected reaction; its mother understandably retreated aghast and in shock. Correspondingly, the chief clerk that had been sent by Gregors employer, scrambled in flight as he had quite slipped from his mind (p. 864). Gregors father was relatively calm (p. 865) until the chief clerk had completed a hastened retreat. Gregors father, spurred into action by this flight, consequently repelled the insect aggressively and injuriously back into the bedroom from which it had come. The second chapter illustrates a family and a human-insect trying to adjust to a new reality. Gregors sister Grete, while never too eager to set eyes on the creature, was compas-sionate enough to feed him. However, as the story progresses this compassion seems to become, or may have always been, obligation. His mother had a waning rather reminiscent sympathy for her son, but she never seemed to reconcile that the creature in the bedroom was the son she had loved. She certainly could not deal with his appearance having fainted at the sight of him (p. 876). As for Gregors father, he had begun to re-assume responsibility for the familys welfare, which as it turned out, had never been as poor as Gregor had been lead to believe. For Gregor himself, the adjustment was a mix of discovery and disquiet. Adjusting to his body, He especially enjoyed hanging suspended from the ceiling (p. 873). However, the reader also learns that Gregors health is on the decline as he was fast losing any interest he had ever taken in food (p. 873). It seemed for a while that the family had established a bit of a dtente, but it was not to would last. The end of the second chapter saw Gregors father gravely wound the insect with an apple thrown into and embedded into the creatures back. It was this wound that eventually became infected and was likely the death of the creature. .u0343a4dd3edd7294c45f890dbbe1f02e , .u0343a4dd3edd7294c45f890dbbe1f02e .postImageUrl , .u0343a4dd3edd7294c45f890dbbe1f02e .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u0343a4dd3edd7294c45f890dbbe1f02e , .u0343a4dd3edd7294c45f890dbbe1f02e:hover , .u0343a4dd3edd7294c45f890dbbe1f02e:visited , .u0343a4dd3edd7294c45f890dbbe1f02e:active { border:0!important; } .u0343a4dd3edd7294c45f890dbbe1f02e .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u0343a4dd3edd7294c45f890dbbe1f02e { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u0343a4dd3edd7294c45f890dbbe1f02e:active , .u0343a4dd3edd7294c45f890dbbe1f02e:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u0343a4dd3edd7294c45f890dbbe1f02e .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u0343a4dd3edd7294c45f890dbbe1f02e .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u0343a4dd3edd7294c45f890dbbe1f02e .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u0343a4dd3edd7294c45f890dbbe1f02e .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u0343a4dd3edd7294c45f890dbbe1f02e:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u0343a4dd3edd7294c45f890dbbe1f02e .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u0343a4dd3edd7294c45f890dbbe1f02e .u0343a4dd3edd7294c45f890dbbe1f02e-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u0343a4dd3edd7294c45f890dbbe1f02e:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Poverty: Essay In the third and final chapter, the family found the new drudgery of their lives. Their overworked and tired-out family (p. 880) increasingly neglected Gregor. He longed for responsibility and was often haunted by the idea that next time the door opened he would take the familys affairs in hand again just as he used to do (p. 881). On the contrary, Gregorys family found no satisfaction in the duties of life. Indicative of the familys general disillusionment with responsibility, Gregors father exhibited a mulishness that . The Metamorphosis By Franz Kafka Essay Example For Students The Metamorphosis By Franz Kafka Essay Throughout literary history, certain authors are so unique and fresh in their approach to the written word that they come to embody a genre. Franz Kafka is one such author; Die Verwandlung or The Metamorphosis is one of his works that helped coin the term Kafkaesque. Through this novella, Kafka addresses the timeless theme of people exploit-ing others as a means to an end. He demonstrates this point through showing that a familys unhealthy dependence on the main character results in that characters dependence on the family. Kafkas unorthodox beginning of The Metamorphosis reads as what would seem to be a climactic moment: As Gregor Samsa awoke one morning from uneasy dreams he found himself transformed in his bed into a gigantic insect. We will write a custom essay on The Metamorphosis By Franz Kafka specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The reader is henceforth bound to the story in search of the reason for and meaning of this hideous metamorphosis. Shortly thereafter, the reader may also notice that although Gregor is quite aware of his condition, given these bizarre circumstances he is not at all in the state of panic one might expect. On the contrary, the insect is frustrated that it cannot get out of bed to go to work! As Gregor tries to rouse himself from bed in his present condition, his observation that he himself wasnt feeling particularly fresh and active is macabre in its passive acknowledgment of the absurdity of his state (p. 855). This sets the tone for the remainder of the first chapter of the story. Gregor, a person typically not a hindered by small aches and pains, (p. 857) clings to his rational nature as he struggles with the slow-in-coming realization that he is more than temporarily incapacitated (p. 863). The first chapter ends shortly after Gregor reveals his new form. The sight of the insect elicited an expected reaction; its mother understandably retreated aghast and in shock. Correspondingly, the chief clerk that had been sent by Gregors employer, scrambled in flight as he had quite slipped from his mind (p. 864). Gregors father was relatively calm (p. 865) until the chief clerk had completed a hastened retreat. Gregors father, spurred into action by this flight, consequently repelled the insect aggressively and injuriously back into the bedroom from which it had come. The second chapter illustrates a family and a human-insect trying to adjust to a new reality. Gregors sister Grete, while never too eager to set eyes on the creature, was compas-sionate enough to feed him. However, as the story progresses this compassion seems to become, or may have always been, obligation. His mother had a waning rather reminiscent sympathy for her son, but she never seemed to reconcile that the creature in the bedroom was the son she had loved. She certainly could not deal with his appearance having fainted at the sight of him (p. 876). As for Gregors father, he had begun to re-assume responsibility for the familys welfare, which as it turned out, had never been as poor as Gregor had been lead to believe. For Gregor himself, the adjustment was a mix of discovery and disquiet. Adjusting to his body, He especially enjoyed hanging suspended from the ceiling (p. 873). However, the reader also learns that Gregors health is on the decline as he was fast losing any interest he had ever taken in food (p. 873). It seemed for a while that the family had established a bit of a detente, but it was not to would last. The end of the second chapter saw Gregors father gravely wound the insect with an apple thrown into and embedded into the creatures back. It was this wound that eventually became infected and was likely the death of the creature. .u1c0cf8c40cc4a61da082f49becce6571 , .u1c0cf8c40cc4a61da082f49becce6571 .postImageUrl , .u1c0cf8c40cc4a61da082f49becce6571 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u1c0cf8c40cc4a61da082f49becce6571 , .u1c0cf8c40cc4a61da082f49becce6571:hover , .u1c0cf8c40cc4a61da082f49becce6571:visited , .u1c0cf8c40cc4a61da082f49becce6571:active { border:0!important; } .u1c0cf8c40cc4a61da082f49becce6571 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u1c0cf8c40cc4a61da082f49becce6571 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u1c0cf8c40cc4a61da082f49becce6571:active , .u1c0cf8c40cc4a61da082f49becce6571:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u1c0cf8c40cc4a61da082f49becce6571 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u1c0cf8c40cc4a61da082f49becce6571 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u1c0cf8c40cc4a61da082f49becce6571 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u1c0cf8c40cc4a61da082f49becce6571 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u1c0cf8c40cc4a61da082f49becce6571:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u1c0cf8c40cc4a61da082f49becce6571 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u1c0cf8c40cc4a61da082f49becce6571 .u1c0cf8c40cc4a61da082f49becce6571-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u1c0cf8c40cc4a61da082f49becce6571:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Metamorphosis by Franz Kafka Essay In the third and final chapter, the family found the new drudgery of their lives. Their overworked and tired-out family (p. 880) increasingly neglected Gregor. He longed for responsibility and was often haunted by the idea that next time the door opened he would take the familys affairs in hand again just as he used to do (p. 881). On the contrary, Gregorys family found no satisfaction in the duties of life. Indicative of the familys general disillusionment with responsibility, Gregors father exhibited a mulishness that . The Metamorphosis By Franz Kafka Essay Example For Students The Metamorphosis By Franz Kafka Essay Throughout literary history, certain authors are so unique and fresh in their approach to the written word that they come to embody a genre. Franz Kafka is one such author; Die Verwandlung or The Metamorphosis is one of his works that helped coin the term Kafkaesque. Through this novella, Kafka addresses the timeless theme of people exploit-ing others as a means to an end. He demonstrates this point through showing that a familys unhealthy dependence on the main character results in that characters dependence on the family. Kafkas unorthodox beginning of The Metamorphosis reads as what would seem to be a climactic moment: As Gregor Samsa awoke one morning from uneasy dreams he found himself transformed in his bed into a gigantic insect. We will write a custom essay on The Metamorphosis By Franz Kafka specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The reader is henceforth bound to the story in search of the reason for and meaning of this hideous metamorphosis. Shortly thereafter, the reader may also notice that although Gregor is quite aware of his condition, given these bizarre circumstances he is not at all in the state of panic one might expect. On the contrary, the insect is frustrated that it cannot get out of bed to go to work! As Gregor tries to rouse himself from bed in his present condition, his observation that he himself wasnt feeling particularly fresh and active is macabre in its passive acknowledgment of the absurdity of his state (p. 855). This sets the tone for the remainder of the first chapter of the story. Gregor, a person typically not a hindered by small aches and pains, (p. 857) clings to his rational nature as he struggles with the slow-in-coming realization that he is more than temporarily incapacitated (p. 863). The first chapter ends shortly after Gregor reveals his new form. The sight of the insect elicited an expected reaction; its mother understandably retreated aghast and in shock. Correspondingly, the chief clerk that had been sent by Gregors employer, scrambled in flight as he had quite slipped from his mind (p. 864). Gregors father was relatively calm (p. 865) until the chief clerk had completed a hastened retreat. Gregors father, spurred into action by this flight, consequently repelled the insect aggressively and injuriously back into the bedroom from which it had come. The second chapter illustrates a family and a human-insect trying to adjust to a new reality. Gregors sister Grete, while never too eager to set eyes on the creature, was compas-sionate enough to feed him. However, as the story progresses this compassion seems to become, or may have always been, obligation. His mother had a waning rather reminiscent sympathy for her son, but she never seemed to reconcile that the creature in the bedroom was the son she had loved. She certainly could not deal with his appearance having fainted at the sight of him (p. 876). As for Gregors father, he had begun to re-assume responsibility for the familys welfare, which as it turned out, had never been as poor as Gregor had been lead to believe. For Gregor himself, the adjustment was a mix of discovery and disquiet. Adjusting to his body, He especially enjoyed hanging suspended from the ceiling (p. 873). However, the reader also learns that Gregors health is on the decline as he was fast losing any interest he had ever taken in food (p. 873). It seemed for a while that the family had established a bit of a dtente, but it was not to would last. The end of the second chapter saw Gregors father gravely wound the insect with an apple thrown into and embedded into the creatures back. It was this wound that eventually became infected and was likely the death of the creature. .ue03567b637d8b34f9f842438c693a3c2 , .ue03567b637d8b34f9f842438c693a3c2 .postImageUrl , .ue03567b637d8b34f9f842438c693a3c2 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ue03567b637d8b34f9f842438c693a3c2 , .ue03567b637d8b34f9f842438c693a3c2:hover , .ue03567b637d8b34f9f842438c693a3c2:visited , .ue03567b637d8b34f9f842438c693a3c2:active { border:0!important; } .ue03567b637d8b34f9f842438c693a3c2 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ue03567b637d8b34f9f842438c693a3c2 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ue03567b637d8b34f9f842438c693a3c2:active , .ue03567b637d8b34f9f842438c693a3c2:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ue03567b637d8b34f9f842438c693a3c2 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ue03567b637d8b34f9f842438c693a3c2 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ue03567b637d8b34f9f842438c693a3c2 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ue03567b637d8b34f9f842438c693a3c2 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ue03567b637d8b34f9f842438c693a3c2:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ue03567b637d8b34f9f842438c693a3c2 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ue03567b637d8b34f9f842438c693a3c2 .ue03567b637d8b34f9f842438c693a3c2-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ue03567b637d8b34f9f842438c693a3c2:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The most dangerous game Essay In the third and final chapter, the family found the new drudgery of their lives. Their overworked and tired-out family (p. 880) increasingly neglected Gregor. He longed for responsibility and was often haunted by the idea that next time the door opened he would take the familys affairs in hand again just as he used to do (p. 881). On the contrary, Gregorys family found no satisfaction in the duties of life. Indicative of the familys general disillusionment with responsibility, Gregors father exhibited a mulishness that .

20 Topics on Psychology Studies for a Statistical Report

20 Topics on Psychology Studies for a Statistical Report If you need 20 topics on   psychology studies for a statistical report, look no further. If you are interested in elaborate and narrow essay topics with which you can explore psychology studies, consider the 20 below: The Effect of Television on Time Spent Completing an Assignment Limited Concentration and Fear Factors in Interaction Design Understanding Human Factors in User Interaction Design Human Resources Management: How Labor Rights Changed After the Arab Spring from the Perspective of HRM The UAE Used Car Market: Cherries, Lemons Market Mechanisms Why and How Firms Use Currency Derivatives to Achieve Their Financial Goal The Effect of Paper Color on Exam Performance Childhood Abuse Survivors and Adult Coping Skills Dementia Care: Social Work Practice Interventions The Relationship between ITS Experience and Emotional Stability, Controlling for Age and Gender Government Contractors are Valuable to the Federal Government: Pros and Cons Effects of Parental Incarceration and Marital Status on the Mental Health of Adolescents in Ethnic Minorities Dioxin Effects on Cancer Growth in Children Staff Turnover Rates in Early Childhood Education, and its Effect on Outcomes for Children Enrollment Management: How Numbers Impact Productivity PCMH for Increased Outcomes and Reduced Re-Admissions Tutoring in Elementary School: How it Improves Lifetime Success Parental Involvement in Private School: Improving Student Academics Meeting Social Responsibility through Supply Chain Management Age Diversity in the Workplace: How to Tackle the Issues Aren’t those topics interesting? Well that’s not all you get. We also have a collection of 10 facts on psychology studies and a guide on writing a statistical report. Below you will find a great statistical report sample on psychology studies: Sample Statistical Report: The Effect of Television on Time Spent Completing an Assignment It is commonplace today for school aged children to sit in front of the television when they start homework. Of course college students will simultaneously complete homework assignments or read a text book while ripping through channels on TV. Many of the students argue that having a distraction in the form of television and radio while completing homework does not interfere with the ability to complete homework effectively. In fact many students argue that having a TV in the background functions as a white noise which they have to actively block out in order concentrate. Today teachers and parents are the few remaining individuals who disagree with this theory and as such researchers have thought out the answer as to whether television does have an impact on homework one way or the other. Previous studies have focused on the effects of watching or listening to television while doing homework (Cool, et al., 1994). These researchers provided their participants with a specific amount of time during which they were instructed to complete the assignment. Some of the participants were exposed to television as they worked and others were not. The research discovered that significantly fewer questions were completed within the given timeframe when a participant in question was exposed to television as compared to those participants who were exposed to relative silence. In addition to this they have determined that those who had watched television had showed worse results compared to those who were given silence first. Another study by Pool, et al., (2003) had focused specifically on the impact a soap opera had on students, trying to complete their homework. In this study the participants were placed in three different conditions. First was a visual soap opera, the second was given the audio soundtrack to a soap opera and the third was no sound at all. All of the participants were provided with memorization assignments and the results from this study indicated that participants who were in the visual soap opera category required significantly more time to complete the same assignment compared to the other two groups. In addition to this half of the participants had to increase the amount of time it took for them to complete the work because they were continually working away from the assignment to the television. A study similar to these two set out to determine if there was anything in a real life more exciting which was distracting to the ability to complete homework on time (Patton, 1983). These experimenters provided questionnaires to 387 students and asked them to fill out the questionnaire at home and return them to the experimenters. The capacity theory states that in case the brains are exposed to two different functions each of which requires attention, the attention will be divided between the two evenly and the general performance will diminish. In this case it refers to watching television and completing homework (Goldstein, 2005, p. 15). Each of these studies have come to similar conclusions regarding the effect the television has on studying. In the previous studies the number of questions answered within a specific amount of time was also one of the main factors. This particular study is different in that it focuses on time as the a dependent variable and not the number of questions which are answered. The current study aims to share the impact that watching television has on the amount of time it takes students in college to complete a homework assignment. It is hypothesized that sitting in front of the television will increase the amount of time taken to complete a homework assignment. The study found that watching television increases the amount of time it took to complete an assignment even if students only have the television on in the background. The results of the study remained consistent with all previous studies related to the effect that television has on completing assignments. This study had determined that many participants exposed to television would regularly look up at the screen which was the key factor behind the extended amount of time it took to complete the assignments. This finding is consistent with the work noted by Pool, et al. (2003) where participants regularly looked up at the television screen. By looking up at the screen the brain experienced the divided attention related to the capacity theory and as a result both of the tax diminished. The success for the mass of the tasks remains proportional to the amount of cognitive resources being utilized and in this case the amount of resources necessary for each individual task was more than t he amount of cognitive resources available at any given time. Other studies have focused on how many questions were completed in a specific amount of time and this study was different in that students were encouraged to complete their tasks under time constraints. References: Cool, V., Yarbrough, D. B., Patton, J. E., Runde, R. Experimental effects of radio and  television distractors on children’s performance on mathematics and reading assignments. Journal of Experimental Education, (1994) 62, 181-194. Garner, Roberta, and Gregory M. Scott.  Doing qualitative research: designs, methods, and techniques. Pearson Education, 2013. Goldstein, E. B., Cognitive psychology, connecting mind, research, and everyday experience.  (2005) Belmont: Thomson Wadsworth. Patton, J. E., Stinard, T. A., Routh, D. K. Where do children study? Journal of Educational Research, (1983). 76, 280-286. Pool, M. M., Koolstra, C. M., Van Der Voort, T. H. A. Distraction effects of background soap operas on homework performance: An experimental study enriched with observational data. Educational Psychology, (2003). 23, 361-380. Wang, Zheng, et al. Multidimensions of Media Multitasking and Adaptive Media Selection.  Human Communication Research  41.1 (2015): 102-127. Wiecha, Jean L., et al. Household television access: associations with screen time, reading, and homework among youth.  Ambulatory Pediatrics  1.5 (2001): 244-251. Wolfe, David A., Maria G. Mendes, and David Factor. A parent†administered program to reduce childrens television viewing.  Journal of applied behavior analysis  17.2 (1984): 267-272. Xu, Jianzhong, and Hongyun Wu. Self-regulation of homework behavior: Homework management at the secondary school level.  The Journal of Educational Research  106.1 (2013): 1-13.

The Effects of Music Technology Curriculum on Young Children's Research Paper

The Effects of Music Technology Curriculum on Young Children's Learning in Early Childhood Education - Research Paper Example When one thinks of early childhood education, they typically navigate towards the consideration of reading, writing, and arithmetic. While these core academic areas are certainly the pillars of educational necessity for children, one needs to also consider the fine arts as another area that contributes greatly to the cognitive development of an individual. One such outlet for creative expression is music. Music class has long been a part of the curriculum in early childhood education, but recent research has indicated that there are numerous benefits in terms of development that had not previously been considered. In addition, technology has enhanced the way that music can be integrated into other disciplines, making this particular area even more worthy of study. Simply put, music technology curriculum is composed of different types of technology that is directly related to the musical arts. This usually entails the use of various electronic devices, combined with computer software, that allows the playback, recording, composition, storage, analysis and performance of any given piece. While this particular curriculum can be implemented at any grade level, all the way through the university, our primary focus in this study will be on early childhood education. In particular, this paper will examine the effects that music technology curriculum has on the learning development of young children. While technology today is rapidly changing, the concept of music technology has been around since the 1980’s.... in early childhood education, but recent research has indicated that there are numerous benefits in terms of development that had not previously been considered. In addition, technology has enhanced the way that music can be integrated into other disciplines, making this particular area even more worth of study. Simply put, music technology curriculum is composed of different types of technology that is directly related to the musical arts. This usually entails the use of various electronic devices, combined with computer software, that allows the playback, recording, composition, storage, analysis and performance of any given piece (Branscome, 2012, p. 113). While this particular curriculum can be implemented at any grade level, all the way through the university, our primary focus in this study will be on early childhood education. In particular, this paper will examine the effects that music technology curriculum has on the learning development of young children. Literature Review and Propositions Development While technology today is rapidly changing, the concept of music technology has been around since the 1980’s. The concept can be interconnected across disciplines because of its focus on artistic and technological creativity in many realms (Andang’o and Mugo, 2007, p. 44). Young children can be taught to use music to express themselves through the arts, and technology has expanded in recent decades to create new devices to enable them to do just that. In essence, music technology can be said to encompass the scientific aspect of music that many individuals never consider. These components, when properly implemented in a music technology curriculum, can have an enormous and positive effect on young children (Hoffman, 1991, p. 23) Importance, Value, and

The effects of different political parties on the US economy Essay

The effects of different political parties on the US economy - Essay Example Despite this, Reagan added his own brand of Big Government with the swelling of the National Debt under his watch which crippled the economy. Liberal and conservative economic ideologies cannot necessarily be connected with Democratic and Republican Parties respectively as this paper will illuminate. The Great Depression was the worst economic slump ever in U.S. history, and one which spread to virtually the entire industrialized world. Many factors played a role in bringing about the depression; however, the main cause for the Great Depression was the combination of the greatly unequal distribution of wealth throughout the 1920’s, and the extensive stock market speculation that took place during the latter part of that same decade. The misdistribution of wealth in the 1920s existed on many levels. Money was distributed disparately between the rich and the middle-class, between industry and agriculture within the United States, and between the U.S. and Europe. This imbalance of wealth created an unstable economy. The excessive speculation in the late 1920s kept the stock market artificially high, but eventually lead to large market crashes. These market crashes, combined with the misdistribution of wealth, caused the American economy to capsize. The ‘roaring twentie s’ was an era when our country prospered tremendously. The nation’s total realized income rose from $74.3 billion in 1923 to $89 billion in 1929 (Hicks, 1960 p. 110). However, the rewards of the (Republican) ‘Coolidge Prosperity’ of the 1920’s were not shared evenly among all Americans. According to a study done by the Brookings Institute, in 1929 the top 0.1 percent of Americans had a combined income equal to the bottom 42 percent (McElvaine, 1984 p. 38). That same top 0.1 percent of Americans in 1929 controlled 34 percent of all savings, while 80 percent of Americans had no savings at all (McElvaine, 1984 p. 38).

The true cause of World War I Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The true cause of World War I - Essay Example The period thereafter until 1918 marks the one of the most tumultuous times in world history. The royal murder at the hands of the Black Hand, a Serbian nationalist secret society, gave rise to an impulsive series of political happenings and fuelled the already existent conflict between Austria and Serbia that unexpectedly culminated into a global war. In order to impose authority on Serbia, Austria issued an ultimatum demanding justice to the murder of their heir. However, the ultimatum was not responded to as expected and Austria declared war on Serbia on 28 July 1914. Russia, Germany, France and Britain (along with all its colonies) plunged into the war as they were bound by treaties to one party or the other. In 1917, United States was finally forced into the war (despite its policy of absolute neutrality) as it received a commercial blow. Subsequently, Japan and Italy stepped into the field as they were in alliance with Germany. Various alliances that came into play during the war owe their roots to Bismarck, the Prussian Prime Minister's desire to unify the loose assembly of German confederation states into a single empire way back in 1860's. These states were primarily under Austrian influence and Bismarck bore ambition to defeat Austria and take over the territories. He finally succeeded in his endeavor and the German empire was created after a series of wars. At a grass-root level, it was Bismarck's foreign policies that eventually led to the sequence of events that we know as the "First World War". Bismarck was a shrewd strategist and in order to lay a reason to inflict war upon France, he tried to place a Hohenzollern prince on the Spanish throne, much to the objection of Napoleon III. He further insulted France and Prussia via telegrams thereby coaxing them into declaring war. The French forces were defeated and the Prussian forces laid siege to Paris along with Alsace and Lorraine. As a consequence, France was compelled to pay enormous reparations and the northern and southern German states allied to form Bismarck's German Empire. Monetary gain made Germany a financially powerful nation and instilled a sense of supremacy among the Germans that led to class conflicts at a later stage that led to internal conflict which Bismarck believed could only be resolved by war. "Bismarck's creation of a unified Germany was of direct relevance to the outbreak of war some 43 years later, since it resulted in the assembly of the key alliances that later came into play"1. In order to stabilize his empire, Bismarck started building European alliances for defense against potentially threatening nations like the French. As a matter of fact, the French plan for war in 1914, was actually aimed at recapturing Alsace and Lorraine. The Three Emperors League formed in 1873 was an alliance that tied Germany, Austria-Hungary and Russia but Russia backed out five years later leaving Bismarck with a Dual Alliance with Austria-Hungary which contained clauses against Russia. These clauses invoked Austria-Hungary in calling Germany to her aid against Russian support for Serbia (who in turn was protected by treaty with Russia). The Triple Alliance involving Italy in 1881 provided for support from Germany and Austria-Hungary if Italy was attacked by France but Italy entered into a

David Copperfield Analysis

David Copperfield Analysis Introduction to the background, Charles Dickens and his work- David Copperfield Charles Dickens, the most popular writer of the Victorian age, was born near Portsmouth, England, in 1812 and he died in Kent in 1870. When his father was thrown into debtors prison, young Charles was taken out of school and forced to work in a shoe-polish factory, which may help explain the presence of so many abandoned and victimized children in his novels. As a young man, he worked as a reporter before starting his career as a fictional writer in 1833. In his novels, short stories and essays, Dickens combined hilarious comedy with a scathing criticism of the inhuman features of Victorian industrial society. Many of his novels Great Expectations, A Christmas Carol, Oliver Twist, etc., have been made into first-rate TV and film versions. David Copperfield is the story of the narrators life from early childhood to adulthood. In it, David describes all the obstacles he had to overcome in order to acquire peace of mind and economic stability. Review of the literature David Copperfield Plots The story begins with the widowed Clara Copperfield awaiting the birth of her first child. She receives a surprise visit from her husbands aunt, Betsey Trotwood, who insists the child will be a girl, and should be named after her. The child is, in fact, a boy, and she leaves, greatly disappointed. The boy who is born is David Copperfield, the protagonist. His early years are happy, as he lives with his mother and her housekeeper Peggotty, but when Clara falls in love with Edward Murdstone, Davids life takes a turn for the worse. When David is sent off with Peggotty to Yarmouth to spend a few weeks with her brother, he meets Emily, his first love, and her cousin Ham, both of whom are under Mr. Peggottys care. When he returns, he finds that his mother has married Murdstone. Murdstone is a harsh, cruel man who beats David and browbeats Clara into submission with the help of his sister Jane. After David resists Murdstones harsh treatment, he is sent off to Salem House, a miserable school under the oversight of Mr. Creakle, a brutal and incompetent master. There he meets Steerforth and Traddles the first a hero to the youthful David, though completely unworthy of his admiration, and the second a kindly and cheerful boy who will become a lifelong friend. After a semester at Salem House, David receives word that his mother and her newborn son had died, and he returns home. It is obvious that the Murdstones want nothing to do with him. Peggotty is fired as housekeeper, and she marries the coach-driver Barkis and moves back to Yarmouth. David, meanwhile, is sent to work in a factory in London at the age of ten. He hates his job and feels that the men and boys around him are beneath him, though he gains some consolation from the Micawber family, with whom he lodges. Micawber is an incompetent optimist, totally incapable of handling money, but constantly certain that something will turn up. When the Micawbers leave London, David runs away from the factory and walks across the country to Dover, seeking shelter from his eccentric great aunt Betsey Trotwood. She takes him in and adopts him, refusing the claim that the Murdstones stake to him, and he lives happily with her and her feeble-minded friend Mr. Dick. She then sends him to Canterbury to the school of Dr. Strong, a capable and kindly instructor. While in Canterbury, he lodges with Mr. Wickfield, who is Betseys lawyer, and meets his daughter Agnes, who becomes his dearest friend. He also encounters Wickfields clerk, the simpering and hypocritical Uriah Heep, who h ides behind a mask of humility. Potential trouble looms on the horizon as we observe that Wickfield drinks too much, and that Dr. Strongs very young wife Annie may be too fond of her cousin Jack Maldon. When David completes school, he again encounters Steerforth. The two of them visit Yarmouth, where David introduces Steerforth to his friends the Peggottys. By this time, Ham and Emily are engaged, but Steerforth notices the lovely Emily. He acts in a friendly manner toward the Peggottys and becomes popular among the townsfolk, but inwardly despises them as his inferiors. When David returns to London, he pursues a career as a law clerk, and becomes reacquainted with his old friend Traddles, who is now studying to become a lawyer. David accepts employment a Spenlow and Jorkins, and soon falls in love with Spenlows daughter, the lovely but weak Dora. He courts her secretly, but when he declares his intentions, Spenlow denies his permission. Shortly thereafter, Spenlow dies and Dora is given into the care of her elderly maiden aunts. Meanwhile, David hears that Barkis is dying and returns to Yarmouth. While he is there, Barkis dies, but the greater tragedy is that Emily, despite being engaged to Ham, has run away with Steerforth to become a lady. Daniel Peggotty vows to spend the rest of his life, if necessary, to find her. When David calls on Mrs. Steerforth, she insists that she will never allow her son to marry Emily, and will disown him if he tries. To her way of thinking, the whole thing is Emilys fault for seeking to rise above her status in societ y. Her companion, Rosa Dartle, who has long been in love with Steerforth, flies into a jealous rage. David, no longer able to work at Spenlow and Jorkins, takes a job as secretary to Dr. Strong, while Micawber has become a clerk at Wickfield and Heep (Uriah has insinuated himself into the business by blackmailing Wickfield, and has been named a partner). David soon marries Dora. Though they love each other dearly, it soon becomes obvious that she is totally helpless as a homemaker, and is intellectually unsuited to her husband. David, meanwhile, becomes a newspaper reporter, writing about the debates in Parliament, and ultimately a famous novelist. Meanwhile, Steerforth has cast Emily aside and tried to give her to his manservant Littimer. Emily runs away and finds her way to London, where she encounters Martha Endell, a fallen woman whom she had helped many years before. Martha tips off David and Mr. Peggotty, and Emily is reunited with her foster father, who plans to take her to Australia, where her shame is unknown. With the help of Micawber, Traddles, Betsey, Mr. Dick, and David, Uriahs perfidy is exposed and his attempt to marry Agnes is prevented. In gratitude, Betsey offers to finance a trip to Australia for the Micawbers, who decide to emigrate along with Daniel Peggotty, Emily, Daniels boarder Mrs. Gummidge, and Martha Endell. Betsey also regains her home in Dover, which was thought to have been lost through the machinations of Heep. Ultimately, both Heep and Littimer wind up in jail because of fraud and theft, respectively. Following a miscarriage, Dora dies. Meanwhile, Ham is killed in a terrible storm off the Yarmouth shore; ironically, the man he dies trying to save is Steerforth, who is also killed. Peggotty, now left alone, becomes the housekeeper for Betsey, while David travels abroad for three years to assuage his grief. When he returns, he inquires about Agnes, and his aunt leads him to believe she has an attachment. David is convinced that he has ruined any chance he had of gaining Agnes love by treating her like a sister for all these years and seeking her advice when courting the objects of his many romantic attachments. When questioning Agnes about herattachment, it soon becomes obvious that he is the object of it. The two profess their love and soon marry, living happily ever after. main characters David Copperfield The protagonist of the novel, Davids father dies before his birth, and his mother follows when he is still quite young. He is treated badly by his stepfather Mr. Murdstone and her sister. They send him to work in a factory at the age of ten. He later runs away to live with his great-aunt, from whence he goes to school, becomes a law clerk, then a court reporter, and finally a famous novelist. Among the many loves of his life, he marries Dora Spenlow, who dies a few years later, then Agnes Wickfield. Clara Copperfield Davids mother, a kind but weak-willed woman who is dominated by her second husband and dies shortly after the birth of her second child. Clara Peggotty The Copperfields housekeeper, she is unfailingly kind and loyal to David. She marries Barkis, lives for a while in Yarmouth, and later becomes Betsey Trotwoods housekeeper after Barkis dies. Edward Murdstone Clara Copperfields second husband, he is cruel and harsh to both David and his mother. He beats David after he resists his harsh treatment, sends him off to a pitiful school, then makes him work in a factory. Jane Murdstone Edwards sister, she assists her brother in completely breaking the will of Clara Copperfield. She later becomes the hired companion of Dora Spenlow. Mr. Barkis A kind cart-driver who transports David on many of his childhood journeys, he uses David to communicate his marriage proposal to Peggotty, who finally accepts him. Daniel Peggotty Peggottys brother, he is fisherman in Yarmouth. He is a widower who adopts his niece Emily and his nephew Ham after their parents die, and takes Mrs. Gummidge, a widow, into his home. He gives up everything to search for Emily after she goes astray, and, after he finds her, immigrates to Australia with her and Mrs. Gummidge. Emily Peggotty Little Emily, a beautiful young girl, is Davids first love. Because of her desire to rise above her station in life and become a lady, she runs off with Steerforth instead of going through with her planned marriage to her cousin Ham. After years of disgrace living abroad, she returns to London, where her uncle finds her and takes her off to Australia. Ham Peggotty Daniels nephew and Emilys cousin, he is a fine, simple young man who wants nothing more than to marry Emily and live the life of the sea. When Emily runs off with Steerforth, he recklessly throws himself into every rescue party that is required at Yarmouth, and finally dies in a horrendous storm. Ironically, the man he swims out to save is Steerforth, who also dies in the tempest. Martha Endell A young Yarmouth woman who has fallen into immorality, she is treated kindly by Emily, and plays a key role in helping Daniel to find Emily after her own fall. She, too, emigrates to Australia, where she later marries. themes David Copperfield, probably because it is partly autobiographical, was Dickens own favorite among his novels. Whereas he usually concentrates on a specific social problem, which becomes his main theme, here the theme is personal. In David Copperfield he attempted to come to terms with the trials and humiliations of his childhood and youth, writing as a man who had overcome his humble beginnings and become the most successful novelist of his time. Davids life does not directly reflect Dickens life, but important incidents that had left a lasting impression on him are reproduced with little alteration. Dickens was taken from school at the age of 12 when his father was committed to the debtors prison, and put to work in a relatives factory, like David (p.20). Shortly afterwards, when his father received a legacy that set him free, this also allowed the boy to resume his education. Dickens pictures his father in David Copperfield as the eternally optimistic, improvident Mr. Micawber, but he told his biographer, Forster, that he had never forgotten the humiliation of working in the factory, or forgiven his mother, who thought he should go on working. In the novel, the angelic mother of Davids early childhood is replaced by the harsh, cold Miss Murdstone. The second main theme of the novel is that goodness has nothing to do with social position, and social position is too often equated with wealth. Here again, Dickens personal experience was relevant. As a poor young shorthand writer, he had fallen in love with the daughter of a banker, whose father sent her abroad to keep her out of Dickens way, as Mr Spenlow plans to do with Dora. Spenlows attitude towards David changes when Davids aunt loses her money. When he says I thought you were a gentleman he implies that being a gentleman is a matter of money, not of being a gentle man, as David is. This tendency to equate money and social position with virtue corrupts characters judgment and behaviors. The proud rich boy, Steerforth, could have been a good man but has been spoilt by an indulgent mother. Consequently, he looks down on poor fishermen, ignoring their human qualities, and takes advantage of Emily (ruins her in the language of the time) but will not marry her. In contrast, Ham, the humble fisherman who loved Emily, dies trying to save him. At the other end of the social scale, envy of others social position leads Uriah Heep, who always emphasizes that he is humble, to cheat Mr Wickfield and dream of marrying Agnes. David himself is not corrupted. From the beginning, he judges everyone on their merits, refusing to accept that people are inferior because they are poor. 3. Definition a semi-biographical novel A semi-autobiographical novel is loosely based on the experiences of the authors own life. A semi-autobiographical novel may be written to protect the privacy of the authors family, friends, and loved ones; to achieve emotional distance from the subject; or for artistic reasons, such as simplification of plot lines, themes, and other details. Charles Dickens and David Copperfield A lot of critics think of David Copperfield as Dickenss autobiographical novel. To read David Copperfield is to understand Dickens, which will further deepen the understanding of Dickenss other works. David Copperfield is regarded by many as the authors masterpiece. Dickens began to write David Copperfield in l849. David Copperfield was thus produced under such constructed and well planned writing, which, added special dramatic affect to the stories. Autobiographical elements in David Copperfield include Dickens experience working in a factory as a child, reflections on his fathers influence in his life (Micawber is largely based on Dickens father), his work as a newspaper reporter writing on the debates in Parliament, his development as a novelist (the book is written in the first person by a writer looking back on his formative years), and his experiences in matters of the heart. Near the end of his career, Dickens admitted that, of all the children he had produced, he loved David Copperfield the most. 4.1 similar life experiences between David and Dickens David Copperfield is presented more formally as a semi-autobiography, beginning with the protagonists birth. Like Dickens, David was born on a Friday, Because of illness. Little Dickens could not take part in boys game. He liked to read books while other boys were playing outside ¼Ã… ½Dickens always read books in his fathers library ¼Ã… ½In his novel, 1ittle David also liked to read books in Davids fathers library. Dickens worked as a child labor pasting labels onto bottles. David had the same experience after his mother was dead. In Dickenss career, he had to be first a law clerk, then a reporter and finally a successful novelist. In the book of David Copperfield David had carried the same career, even the same order. Davids complex character allows for contradiction and development over the course of the novel ¼Ã… ½David also displays great tenderness, as in the moment he realize his love for Agnes for the first time. David, especially, as a young man in love, could be foolis h and romantic. This is very same to Dickens himself. As he grew up, he developed a more mature point of view and searched for a love who will challenge him and help his grow ¼Ã… ½David fully matured as an adult when he expressed the sentiment that he valued Agness calm tranquility over all else in his life. Any sense of self-importance is immediately deflated however by the digressively self-deprecating humor of the opening (which recalls Tristram Shandy at times) and by the narrators desire for his life to speak for itself (which recalls chapter one of Roderick Random). Throughout this novel we sense Dickenss delight in experimenting with what was for him a new narrative method, and in the opening chapter he demonstrates that working within established literary conventions he can produce a more effective mingling of humor and pathos than any of his predecessors. The first touch of pathos is when David shifting briefly forward in time recalls the indefinable compassion he felt for his fathers grave in the churchyard when our little parlor was warm and bright with fire and candle, and the doors of our house were almost cruelly, it seemed to me sometimes bolted and locked against it. This is typical of the novel in that the narrator recalls the ingenuousness of his younger self with a gentle irony that only serves to highlight the sensitivity of the child. In chapter two this effect is reinforced by the often startling immediacy of the present tense (also adopted in four subsequent retrospective chapters). Here Dickens reveals the radical otherness of the childs perception of the world (in the added alertness of certain senses and different awareness of the emotional and physical proportions of things); the anxieties that accompany that perspective (David is even afraid that Mr Chillip must feel unhappy about a church tablet saying that physicians were in vain, and the underlying buoyancy of youth that reduces the duration of any painful thoughts (almost Immediately afterwards he thinks what a good place the pulpit would be to play in). Dickens is particularly subtle in his mingling and contrasting of the points of view of the youthful protagonist and mature narrator. 4.2 Similar flirtatious disposition between David Copperfield and Charles Dickens 4.2.1 David Copperfields Flirtatious Disposition David Copperfield, articled to the proctors office of Spenlow and Jorkins in London, fell in love with Mr. Francis Spenlows only daughter Dora at first sight, and got engaged to her. He wrote to Agnes, the lawyer Mr. Wickfields only daughter and Davids adopted sister in Canterbury (Ch. 39), informing her that Dora was such a darling and was very blest; but he, while writing so, remembered Agness clear calm eyes and gentle face (Ch. 34). He, it may be considered, is neither devoted to Dora nor single-minded in his affections. When David suddenly learned that that his great-aunt Miss Betsy Trotwood, who was his guardian, was ruined, he told Dora that he was a beggar, asking her if her heart was still his. Oh, yes, its all yours, cried Dora, though in a childish way (Ch. 37). She, it could be said, was simple-hearted, generous and gentle. Mr. Spenlow, when told by David of his engagement with Dora, would never accept it; but he was to die soon. David visited Agnes and told her of his troubles, kissing her hand, which she had given him looking up with such a Heavenly face! After discussing their worries, David said, Much more than sister! and Agnes parted by the name of Brother (Ch. 39). David and Agnes, it could be considered, trust each other affectionately. How would Dora feel, we wonder, if she looked on this sight? Dora, introduced by David to Agnes, found her too clever and was afraid of her. She asked David, what relation is Agnes to you? No blood-relation, but we were brought up together, like brother and sister, replied he. Dora said, I wonder why you ever fell in love with me? (Ch. 42). Dora, surely, did know of his flirtatious disposition and she could have left him forever, but she did not. As for David, he himself chose and married Dora, who was a Fairy, a Sylph (Ch. 26), not Agnes, who had a very placid and sweet expression and was her widower fathers little housekeeper (Ch. 15). Soon David often quarreled with Dora over trifles. He said, Dora, my darling! No, I am not your darling. Because you must be sorry that you married me, or else you wouldnt reason with me! returned she. Dora, it is clear, was seeing a shadow of Agnes behind him. However, after such altercations, Dora reflectively told him she would be a wonderful housekeeper, polishing the tablets, pointing the pencil, buying an immense account-book, etc., though the figures would not add up. Now David was beginning to be known as a writer, and his child-wife, as she asked him to call her, was trying to be good (Ch. 44). It might be considered that at this moment David should have said, Dora, my darling, I love you cordially and am very happy; even if you are not good at housekeeping and figures, you should not mind it at all because you are earnestly endeavoring to be good; as you know, I too am a boyish husband as to years (Ch. 44). David, without saying such things, tried to form Doras mind, but in vain, remembering the contented days with Agnes (Ch. 48), he even considered that his own heart was undisciplined when it first loved Dora, and that there could be no disparity in marriage, like unsuitability of mind and purpose. His own heart, it can be suspec ted, was even now undisciplined because he would have been attracted by Agness clear calm eyes and gentle face more than by Doras efforts to be good; he can be regarded as flirtatious, not as devoted. Such being the case, he was much happier in the second year, the year that Dora fell ill (Ch. 48). She, with nothing left to wish for, wanted very much to see Agnes, not her two spinster aunts, adding that she always was a silly little thing and too young not merely in years but in experience, and thoughts, and everything, and that she had begun to think herself not fit to be a wife to her very clever husband. She died leaving Agnes a last charge that only Agnes would occupy this vacant place (Chs. 53 and 62). Was Dora silly or not fit to be a wife? By no means! Though she might have been childish and poor at housekeeping and figures, she was blessed with many respectable and lovable virtues; for example, she did not abandon David as a beggar, nor desert him despite her fathers will and Davids suspicious relationship with Agnes. She tried earnestly to be a good wife, accepted Agnes and Davids cleverness without defying them, looked down humbly on herself as silly and immature, and left her husband with Agnes foreseeing her death. How serious, benign, gentle and sympathetic! On the other hand, David, even though very clever, was obviously flirtatious, intolerant, and cold-hearted. He should not have introduced Dora to Agnes; far from it he should have broken off his relation with Agnes in choosing Dora, should have expressed his gratitude to her for her not abandoning him and for her trying to be good, should have been generous to her faults as Dora had been to his. He should have known tha t he had much of the responsibility for her feelings of insecurity when she said, I was too young and you are very clever and I never was (Ch. 53). After Doras death, David set out to travel to Europe, and mourned for [his] child-wife, taken from her blooming world, so young. He tried to be a better man, thinking that he might possibly hope to cancel the mistaken past, and to be so blessed as to marry Agnes (Ch. 58). Whether or not he marries her, it can be said, depends on him, but he would have to humble himself and repent, not merely cancel, the mistaken past or his flirtatious mind. He returned home after three years, and confided to Agnes, I went away, dear Agnes, loving you. I stayed away, loving you. I returned home, loving you. How inconsistent! He had said that he mourned for Dora when going away! As for Agnes, she replied, I have loved you all my life (Ch. 62). How would Dora feel if she lived to hear the conversation? Dora, it may be considered, should have left David when she first met Agnes; it might have been because of Agness covert love for him that Dora was afraid of her! Within a fortnight David married Agnes, after which she confided to him Doras last request and last charge as mentioned above, and they wept together but they would not imagine with what feelings Dora had died; also, David did not utter any words of remorse and repentance for having been unable to make Dora happy (Ch. 62). Ten years after the marriage, they had three children, and David had high income and renown as an eminent author. At this happy home, Dora was not talked of at a ll (Ch. 63). It can be concluded that David was a man of a flirtatious disposition for which reason he lacked complete devotion to Dora. As will be discussed, that very disposition was also Dickenss at that time. 4.2.2 Dickenss Flirtatious Disposition Dickens had been looked upon as a very Joseph in all that regards morality, chastity, and decorum as Reynoldss Weekly News wrote on 13 June 1858 (Letters 8: 745n.). He had been accepted as such a man publicly but was rather flirtatious-minded in his private life; in this section it will be revealed how flirtatious Dickens was. Dickens was a serious Christian-minded man, but naturally he was a man in the sense that there is no man that sinneth not (1 Kings 8: 46; 2 Chron. 6: 36; see also John 8: 37, etc.). He was rather flirtatious; as he said, not so long after his marriage, to his wife Catherine, if either of [us] fell in love with anybody else, [we] were to tell one another (Storey 96), and he did show an archly flirtatious attitude towards congenial girls and women of his acquaintance (Slater, D W 122). Six of the girls and women are taken up below. First, there was Mrs. David Colden, daughter of a banker of New York, wife of a lawyer and philanthropist of New York, and fourteen years Dickenss senior, with whom Dickens became acquainted during his first visit to America in 1842. Dickens was deeply in love with her, and wrote a love-letter to her (Slater, D W 122; Letters 3: 30n., 160, and also 242 and n, 219-20). Second, there was Eleanor Emma Picken, a lithographer and a winner of the Societyof Arts silver Isis medal in 1837, by whom Dickens was attracted. He flirted with her on the pier at Broadstairs on an evening in September 1841: Dickens seemed suddenly to be possessed with the demon of mischief; he threw his arm around me and ran me down the inclined plane to the end of the jetty till we reached the tall post. He put his other arm around this, and exclaimed in theatrical tones that he intended to hold me there till the sad sea waves should submerge usà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.I implored him to let me go, and struggled hard to release myself. (Slater, D W 115) Third, there was Christiana Jane Weller, a beautiful eighteen-year-old concert pianist in Liverpool, for whom Dickens conceived an incredible feeling in 1844 (Slater, D W 88-89; Letters 4: 53n., 55, etc.). Fourth, there was Madame Emile de la Rue, wife of a Swiss banker, resident in Genoa, whose nervous disorder Dickens began to treat with his mesmerism from 23December 1844 with so much fascination as to make Catherine very unhappy. This continued for a period of years afterwards (Schlicke 375; Letters 4: 243 and n, 534n.; Letters 5: 11n.; Letters 7: 224 and n). Fifth, there was Miss Anne Romer, actress and singer. Dickens performed with her, on 20 July 1848, the farce of Used Up, in which Dickens played the bored hero Sir Charles Coldstream, and she played his lover Mary. In Act II, Sir Charles, who is in distress, asks her to say, you love me. She replies, Love you! Then he seizes her in his arms, and kisses her; they marry at the plays end (Thomson 46-49; Letters 5: 362n.). Two days after the play, Dickens wrote a letter to Mrs. Cowden Clarke, member of his Amateur Theatricals: I have no energy whateverI am very miserable. I loathe domestic hearths. I yearn to be a Vagabond (i.e. as Coldstream, disguised as a ploughboy, is called by Farmer Wurzel in Act II). Why cant I marry Mary! [. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ] I am deeply miserable A real house like this, is insupportable after that canvass farm wherein I was so happy (i.e. Wurzels farm). What is a humdrum dinner at half past five, with nobody (but John [i.e. CDs servant John Thompson]) to see me eat it, compared with that soup [i.e. the pea-soup that Coldstream is given by Mary in Act II], and the hundreds of pairs of eyes that watched its disappearance! (Letters 5: 374 and n; emphases added) In this quotation there can be read not only Dickenss flirtatious mind but also his loathing for domesticity. In the letter of 13 January 1849 quoted below, he even shows his dislike for Catherine: My Dear Mrs. Clarke. I am afraid that Young Gas [i.e. Dickenss name as manager of the Amateur Theatricals Company in 1848] is forever dimmed, and that the breath of calumny will blow henceforth on his stage management, by reason of his enormous delay in returning you the two pounds non forwarded by Mrs. G. [i.e. Catherine]. The proposed deduction on account of which you sent it, was never made. But had you seen him in Used up, His eye so beaming and so clear, When on his stool he sat to sup, The oxtaillittle Romer near c c you would have forgotten and forgiven all. (Letters 5: 476 and n; emphases added) Sixth, there was Miss Mary Boyle, daughter of Vice-Admiral the Hon. Sir Courtenay Boyle, second son of the 7th Earl of Cork and Orrery; she was a distant cousin of Mrs. Watsons and a miscellaneous writer and renowned amateur actress, whom Dickens first met at the Watsons Rockingham Castle on 27 November 1849. On the 29th he and Boyle played, as part of the house-party entertainments in the Hall, Sir Peter Teazle and Lady Teazle from Sheridans The School for Scandal, and also acted, from chapter 41 of Nicholas Nickleby, some scenes of the mad neighbours [i.e. Dickenss] throwing a shower of vegetables to Mrs. Nickleby [i.e. Boyle] to display his affection (Letters 5: 662 and n; Boyle 231-32; Ackroyd 606). On November 30 Dickens wrote a letter to Mrs. Watson: Plunged in the deepest gloom, I write these few words to let you know that, just now, when the bell was striking ten, I drank to H.E.R. [i.e., Mary Boyle]! adding a picture of a heart shot through by Cupids arrow (Letters 5: 663). Three days later he sent to Miss Mary Boyle a parody by him of Grays Elegy in a Country Churchyard, inspired by Mary Boyles graces in the Rockingham Castle Amateur Theatricals (Letters 5: 665 and n, 708-09), part of which is as follows: No more the host, as if he dealt at cards, Smiling deals lighted candles all about: No more the Fair (inclusive of the Bards) Persist in blowing all the candles out. ______ No more the Fair prolong the cheerful tread Of dancing feet until the lights low burn: No more the host, when they are gone to bed, Quickly retreats, foreboding their return. (Letters 5: 708) Mary Boyle joined in his theatricals on 15 January 1851 at Rockingham Castle, where she acted Mary, the lover of Sir Charles Coldstream, again played by Dickens in Used Up (Letters 6: 163n., 225 and n, 261n.; Slater, D W 404). Dickens wrote a joking, flirtatious letter, based on the play in which he disguised himself as a ploughman, to her on 25 December 1852: My own darling Mary. [. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ] you ant no cause to be jealous for all that I am certain beforehand as I shall a Door her O Mary when you come to read the last chapter of the next number of Bleak House I think my ever dear as you will say as him what we knows on as done a pretty womanly thing as the sex will like and as will make a sweet pin

Discussion of Abortion Essay -- Social Issues Abortion Teen Pregnancy

Discussion of Abortion   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Abortion is the surgical termination of a pregnancy. How odd that people are able to define something, that is such a controversial issue, so easily. There are hundreds, thousands, and even millions of things to say about abortion. When it comes to abortion, I find myself thinking like a symbolic interactionist. Abortion is a personal social issue and it needs to be seen on a micro level first. Although abortion can also be seen on a macro level, seeing abortion on a micro level lets people see the different symbols of abortion. No social condition creates the same symbol. If abortion is seen on a macro level, all the myths and stereotypes of abortion seem more realistic. For example, some of those myths and stereotypes being, most abortions are from minorities and most people who have abortions are teen girls. If abortion were seen on a micro level it would be evident that these myths and stereotypes are simply not true. Every abortion that occurs has a story beh ind it or a reason behind it. Many of us automatically assume that the person who had the abortion is immoral without even knowing the reason for why the abortion took place in the fist place. And this brings up a series of questions. When is an abortion considered moral or immoral? What should the legal status of abortion be? Should the father have a say if one should have an abortion or not? The answer to these questions are within a persons own mind and how they view this social condition. My answers to these questions are as follows.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I believe that when an abortion is considered moral or immoral all depends on the symbol. For instance, one of my family members had an abortion and I found her decision to have an abortion moral. The symbol behind my family members abortion is as follows. For the purpose of privacy I will refer to my family member as Kate and her first love as Sam. When Kate was fourteen years old, she met her first love. They both went to the same high school but Sam was two years older than Kate. Sam and Kate went out for the next two months and got closer with each passing date. Sam was one of the popular guys in school and could have any girl he wanted so Kate didn’t understand why he was setting his eyes on her. Kate was extremely flattered that Sam even considered going out with her. So as one of the popular guys in school and being... ... in our society for a long long time, maybe even forever. One to two percent of women who have had an abortion will have another one. Twenty percent of abortions are still back ally abortions and thirty nine percent of women that have back ally abortions become infernal. It is really hard for me to believe that there are one point five million abortions every year and that’s only counting the legal abortions. The number one thing that divides moral from immoral when it comes to abortion is the symbol. The symbol basically decides all opinions on abortion. If the symbol is of a woman with a life threatening pregnancy then people would consider this woman’s abortion moral. On the other hand, if the symbol is of a woman that just doesn’t feel like having a baby and wants to get an abortion then people would consider this woman’s abortion as immoral. Like I said before it all depends on the symbol. This is why, when it comes to abortion, I find myself thin king like a symbolic interactionist. There are just too many different symbols of abortion to think of it in a macro level. Symbolic interactionists are completely right when talking about abortion, well at least that’s my opinion.

Globe Telecom Essay

I. INTRODUCTION Globe Telecom (PSE: GLO), commonly shortened as Globe, is a major provider of telecommunications services in the Philippines. Formed out of a partnership between Ayala Corporation and Singapore Telecom, the company operates one of the largest and most technologically advanced mobile, fixed line, and broadband networks in the country, and maintains a large distributor and over-the-air reload network of retailers, distributors, suppliers, and business partners nationwide. In 1928, Congress passed Act No. 3495 granting the Robert Dollar Company, a corporation organized and existing under the laws of the State of California, a franchise to operate wireless long-distance message services in the Philippines. The Robert Dollar Company subsequently incorporated in the Philippines as Globe Wireless Limited and in 1934, Congress passed Act No. 4150 transferring the franchise and privileges of the Robert Dollar Company to Globe Wireless Limited. Globe Wireless Limited was subsequently renamed G lobe Mackay Cable and Radio Corporation. Congress, through Republic Act 4630 enacted in 1965, further expanded its franchise to allow it to operate international communications systems. Globe Mackay Cable and Radio Corporation was closed in the Philippines by Martial law. Shortly before the expiration of its franchise, the Batasan Pambansa in 1980 enacted Batas Pambansa 95 granting Globe Mackay Cable and Radio Corporation a new franchise. In 2013 Globe Telecom open its new corporate headquarters in Bonifacio Global City (BGC) (Formerly Located In Pioneer Highlands InMandaluyong City) last August 6, 2013. To mark its arrival in BGC, a part of the commercial hub (known as Bonificio High Street) was turned into an amusement park in August 2–4, 2013. As of December 2013, Globe Telecom has a total of 14,952 base stations and 9,012 cell sites nationwide to support its 2G, 3G, 4G HSPA+, LTE and WiMAX services. The Globe Telecom Headquarters at 32nd Street in Bonifacio Global City, Taguig City, II. STRATEGIC PLATFORM A. Vision Globe is indispensable to people’s lives- We provide our customers with superior experience, We are center of excellence for innovation wolrdwide, We create a rewarding environment where people strive for excellence and grow, We attract people who are innovative, passionate and result-oriented, We create superior value to our shareholders We make great things possible. B. Mission Transform the lives of people, businesses and communities through innovative solutions. STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT METHODOLOGY a. SHAREHOLDERS Attractive Dividend Yield For Shareholders Globe Telecom’s sustained revenue momentum and improved market position were reflected in the financial valuation metrics. The company’s market capitalization remained relatively steady at â‚ ±144.6 billion by the end of 2012. Globe likewise maintained an attractive dividend yield of 5.8%. Globe paid dividends totaling â‚ ±8.6 billion in 2012, representing a pay-out rate of 86% of 2011 core net income. This is consistent with its recently updated dividend pay-out policy of distributing 75% to 90% of prior year’s core net income. Continued Commitment To Creating Shared Value For All Stakeholders In addition to our commitment to ensure the sustainability of our core business, we continue to develop opportunities in adjacent spaces. In the area of mobile banking and microfinance, under BPI Globe BanKO Inc. (BanKO), (our mobile microfinance joint venture with Ayala Corporation and the Bank of the Philippine Islands) Globe’s mobile money platform and BPIà ¢â‚¬â„¢s banking infrastructure combined to deliver affordable microfinance services to the unbanked segments of the population. Through 2012, BanKO has continued to expand its network of partner outlets, which today number 2,000. Its wholesale loan portfolio has grown to more than â‚ ±2.4 billion, spread across microfinance institutions, including non-government organizations, rural  banks, cooperatives and financing companies. Within two years of operations, BanKO has gained over 261,000 retail customers and increased its retail loan portfolio nine-fold. Business Incubator Program Another pioneering initiative by Globe is the launch of its business incubator program through Kickstart Ventures, Inc. (Kickstart). Designed to support and develop the Philippines’ dynamic and growing technopreneur community, Kickstart is envisioned to provide aspiring technopreneurs with needed funds, facilities, infrastructure, mentorship and market access to build new businesses. By providing the tools needed to build and test ideas, by providing seed funding, and by providing training and mentorship as well as connecting technopreneurs with partner companies within the Globe, Singtel, and Ayala networks in the Philippines and abroad, Kickstart provides selected startups increased chances to succeed and scale faster. Since its launch last April 2012, Kickstart already has 10 companies in its portfolio covering the digital media and technology, and web/mobile platform space. b. EMPLOYEES A. Employment Diversity Globe Telecom believes in the potential of the Filipino workforce. That is why the company welcomes every employee regardless of gender, age, religion or ethnicity. Any form of discrimination is never acceptable and embracing every unique worker is part of the company’s philosophy. Currently, Globe employs close to 6,000 male and female workers from staff to senior management levels. The table below shows the summary of the company’s total workforce by employment type, contract and region. B. Employee Remuneration The lowest actual salary of Globe Telecom employees covered by the Collective Bargaining Agreement (CBA) is 15% above the minimum wage mandated by the Department of Labor and Employment (DOLE). As per ratio of basic salary, male employees have a slightly higher rate compared to female employees due to the varied responsibilities undertaken by male employees compared to female employees. however there is no discrimination for a given job profile  based on the gender. The variance in comparative salary is due to the varying job profile undertaken by male and female employees. a. Employee Benefits b. Employee Health And Safety Affirming its commitment to quality health and safety practices in the workplace, Globe obtained an Occupational health and Safety Management System (OhSAS) 18001 certification for the Valero Telepark. Steps are being undertaken for other Globe Telecom locations which aim to achieve the OhSAS certification. To strengthen ensure employee health and safety, the company employs a dedicated health and safety committee. 10.06% of the Globe workforce provides hands-on commitment on health and safety practices covering all areas – nationwide in areas where Globe Telecom operates. For the year 2012, 5.04% employee accident rate was recorded, mostly due to vehicle driving-related incidents. however, no fatalities causing death or permanent disability were recorded. In order to minimize these incidents, the company conducts several trainings and awareness programs for the relevant employees, on safe driving and fuel economy. 1. Defensive Driving Course 2. Construction Safety 3. Confined Space Entry 4. Electrical Safety 5. Industrial First Aid and Basic Life Support 6. Industrial Climbing, hauling & Rope Access Guaranteeing employee safety and security, qualified licensed security guards are hired by Globe to provide protection in case of uncontrolled events. Globe ensures all security staff undergoes trainings every three years. This includes a two-day course on RA 5487 – Private Security Agency Law which discusses professional conduct and ethics that must be performed by the security. Laws on arrests, searches, seizures, strike and lock-outs are also tackled. Furthermore, a one-day course on RA 9372 – human Security Act of 2007 is also undertaken, as well as a half-day course on Gender Sensitivity Awareness. C. Strategic Objectives A. PROFITABILITY B. PRODUCTIVITY C. COMPETITIVE POSITION a. Faster and Better Network Business In 2011, in line with the vision of a differentiated customer experience, Globe shifted beyond the regular Customer Satisfaction mindset and created the total customer experience, which would allow the company to engage not only its customers but also the employees and shareholders who are at the forefront of Globe Telecom’s priorities. Faster customer service feedback was put in place truly making the customers satisfied with the improved modifications. The company’s commercial transformation in the year 2012 focused on changing the very foundations of its back office systems, including the corporate support and internal processes. By allowing changes to ripple out from within, the customers and stakeholders could see past the change in the faà §ade and overall ambiance of its stores. The customers can actually experience the difference with each transaction and interaction in every Globe Store. The company’s strength is its dynamism and boldness to ch ange for its customers, employees and shareholders. In order to fully become a catalyst of change, Globe understands its need to be relentless in the quest for excellence and continuously transforming the company from within. In 2012, Globe continued with the transformation programs under the 5-pillar transformation plan which was started in 2011. b. Network As an innovator in the telecommunications industry, a constant part of Globe Telecom’s transformation includes the continuous development of the network. Invested a total of $700M for its network modernization program which envisioned delivering faster and unparalleled customer experience in the country while positioning itself as the leader and one of the best telecommunications providers in Asia. People have started to rely more and more on social networking to stay connected. Also, with the growing number of smartphone users, Globe saw the need to future-proof the network to accommodate the constant increase in network traffic especially on data. Phase 1 of the Network Transformation is the upgrading of the network system’s access portion. The company replaced the old hardware and technology in its cellular sites, power sources, base stations and switches allowing the access portion to become more powerful and energy-efficient. At the end of 2012, Globe was able to modernize more than 80% of its cellular sites and upgrade its network system nationwide. Starting within the National Capital Region (NCR), Makati City, being the country’s premier business area, significantly benefitted from the network transformation. The network development coverage includes key locations of the city and are now enjoying stronger Globe signal. Aside from Makati, other areas such as Caloocan, Malabon, Navotas, Valenzuela (CAMANAVA), Marikina, Manila, San Juan and Mandaluyong were completed in the last quarter of 2012. Taguig, Pasig, Paranaque, Pasay, Las Pià ±as and Pateros followed after. In the Visayas region, Cebu took the lead in equipment modernization. Other Visayan key provinces lined-up for the transformation are Leyte, Samar, Bohol, Iloilo and Roxas, consecutively. Meanwhile in the Mindanao region, the major modernization took place in Davao as well as in Zamboanga and Misamis Oriental. Improved mobile connectivity was achieved through the modernized facilities. Improvements for the province of Sulu, cities of Surigao and Butuan were carried out during the last quarter of 2012 and in Agusan del Sur by early 2013. In addition to the upgrades, Globe installed more resilient fiber optic cables in more areas to serve more customers and greatly improve voice and text messaging quality as well as provide faster internet services. An installation of a submarine cable in Boracay was also completed and the same facility is being worked on in Palawan, which is due for completion during the first quarter of 2013.All in all, the nationwide improvements allowed  clearer voice call quality, easier connection, on-time delivery of text messages and faster mobile surfing and downloading. Globe has successfully upgraded 4,000 cell sites to 4G – LTE, hSPA+ and WIMAX providing better network experience to 91% of its customers. As the transformation program continues to take place in the year 2013, Globe would be able to provide greater network availability, impressive quality on voice calls, instantaneous delivery of SMS, improved call set-up rates and faster browsing with minimal buffering of multimedia content to every Filipino mobile user. D. EMPLOYEE DEVELOPMENT GROW AT GLOBE Globe continues to invest in its people through various professional training and development activities. Globe follows a 70/20/10 Development Plan – 70 % of the learning occurs on-the-job, 20% from others and 10% from formal training. The 70% on-the-job experience includes the regular employee tasks based on their office function. Others are their committee participation, customer immersion and job rotation. Meanwhile for the 20% learning from others, the development comes through the coaching or mentoring of the immediate superiors and other colleagues. Job shadowing and observation also help as well as knowledge transfer from other professionals and consultants. Last but not least, the 10% formal training and learning is expanded through the offered training programs and courses offered by Globe. A. Integrated Leadership Development Programs a. iLeadGlobe iLeadGlobe aims to develop key talents into future leaders who role-model the Globe Way and practice the 7 Globe Leadership Competencies, namely, customer orientation, people orientation, personal values, entrepreneurial mindset, execution excellence, innovation and strategic thinking. The programs are all highly selective with eligibility criteria relevant to the participants that are handpicked by the Senior Leadership Team through a stringent talent review and nomination process. The series of trainings include the Executive Development Program (for the next generation of senior leaders), Fast Tracker Program (for the mid-career talents) and Young Leaders Program (for emerging talents). b. University Partnerships Globe Telecom partnered with the Asian Institute of Management (AIM) and the Ateneo de Manila – Center for Continuing Education and opened programs for the employees who are interested to develop their leadership and management skills the Globe way. The series of trainings include the Globe-AIM Management Development Program (for managers who aspire to hone and apply management skills), Globe-Ateneo Empowering Leader program (for mid-career to seasoned career employee who has the potential of a Globe Leader) and the Globe-Ateneo Emerging Leader Program (for junior leaders with the potential of evolving as a Globe Leader). To date, more training are being developed by Globe to ensure coverage and eligibility of all employees and grant them more learning and knowledge to future-proof their careers. Course descriptions for Sales and Marketing Academies are presently under development at the time of production of this report. c. Junior Mobile Wizard The Junior Mobile Wizard Program is a one-month summer program offered to Globe employees’ high school children, providing them the opportunity to better understand the Philippine telecommunications industry. Pioneered in 2012, 18 high school students joined the program to assist in selected Globe concept stores in Metro Manila. They were tasked to demo the latest gadgets and mobile data services, as well as sell other Globe offers and services. d. Graduate 2 Globe Graduate 2 Globe (G2G) Program is a development program for high potential, future talents of Globe in partnership with top colleges and universities. Activities include the Get-to- know-Globe (Company Orientation), Singtel Undergraduate Scholarship, Globe Summer Internship and Post Graduate Internship Program, Cadetship and Management Development Program. e. Customer First Circle (CFC) Program Customer First Circle is a continuous improvement program that ultimately  aims to foster and create a customer-centric culture within Globe. In order to achieve this, CFC uses the Lean Six Sigma Methodology as a vehicle to drive down cost, improve customer experience and increase revenue. To date there has been over a thousand employees participating actively with over a hundred projects and billions of financial benefit. B. TECHNOLOGICAL LEADERSHIP C. PUBLIC RESPONSIBILITY Globe Telecom continues to aspire growth in all facets of the business but at the same time in fully taking care of the planet. The efforts to minimize impacts persist through the Environmental Management System being implemented in the workplace. The system already began in 2011 for the Valero Telepark office as certified by the ISO 14001 (Environmental Management System) while certification of GT-IT Plaza in Cebu started in 2012 with completion in 2014. Such initiatives and environmental system in place contribute to a greener and more sustainable Globe Telecom. a. Environmental Sustainability Policy We are committed to promote environmental sustainability by reducing the impact of our business operations to environment and we shall achieve this together with the help of our employees, business partners and clients. We have robust systems in place to manage our environment impact and integrate them into our corporate social responsibility management. We commit to: †¢ Consciously move towards the continuous reduction of our ecological footprints from our operations. Where possible, we will move beyond regularly compliance and apply best practices and global voluntary standards on environmental and social responsibility. †¢ Manage emissions from our energy use, particularly to our networks and ensure that we carry out regular assessments on how energy is consumed within our network to monitor our climate impact and identify opportunities to reduce it. †¢ Comply with all environmental laws and other laws relevant to our business. †¢ Encourage and train our employees and business partners to help us reduce our environment impact by communicating our policies and programs. †¢ Partner with organizations which share the same environmental values and  find ways of cooperation to protect the environment. †¢ Conduct a review of our environmental management system to ensure that the commitment of this policy are delivered and that we strive for continuous improvement. †¢ Report our environmental performance to our stakeholders. b. Globe telecom Environmental Strategy c. Globe Brigding Communities Globe BridgeCom Pillars 1. i-Prosper The i-Prosper program works with social enterprises and micro-entrepreneurs to establish sustainable forms of livelihood for bottom of the pyramid (BOP) sectors nationwide. Applying the same philosophy of Globe Telecom’s triple bottom-line approach of doing business, the program aims to introduce socially responsible income- generating opportunities for the entrepreneurial poor through capacity development, provision of capital and market access. 2. i-Lead The i-Lead pillar is dedicated to the establishment of peaceful, orderly and progressive communities through the advancement of good governance and excellence in public service. It aims to promote accountability, transparency and increase one’s participation in governance through infrastructure support capacity development. More importantly, the program intends to empower barangay officials and the youth to become transformational leaders and active citizens. 3. i-Conserve i-Conserve is the environmental protection and sustainability pillar of the Globe Bridging Communities, a strategic venture to characterize the commitment of Globe to business and environmental sustainability through the use of its ICT competencies. 4. i-Access The i-Access pillar supports a portfolio of programs harnessing mobile and broadband technologies to improve access to and delivery of social services to help national government agencies, local government units and other development players achieve equitable and responsive delivery of mandates to citizens and disadvantaged communities through sustainable and relevant ICT-enabled content and technology solutions. 5. i-Give The program aims to mobilize Globe employees to be active citizens through volunteerism, whereby its employees are encouraged and supported to volunteer during relief operations, fundraising for Globe Bridging Communities projects, and mentoring the youth, teachers, micro-entrepreneurs, barangay leaders and other non- government organizations. Globe BridgeCom Projects Sagot Ka ni Kap! The â€Å"Sagot Ka ni Kap!† program hinges on the core business and competencies of Globe Telecom—mobile communication and broadband services. More than just equipping the community watch volunteers with mobile phones and hand-held radios, Globe also provides capacity-building workshops designed to inspire and enable them to be more proactive in community development. The workshop includes modules on community leadership, conflict resolution, and crisis management. The beneficiaries also receive a one-year comprehensive personal accident insurance package. The â€Å"Sagot Ka ni Kap!† program also strengthens the local security infrastructure and inspires the essential set of capabilities needed for effective leadership and at the same time, develop their capacities as future community leaders. My Fair Share ProgramIn 2012, Globe Bridging Communities inked partnerships with social enterprises Gifts & Graces Inc. to produce eco-bags for the Globe M y Fair Share program. The bags are made by the Bulacan-based Kaibhan Women’s Association, Caritas Manila, and Pamana ng Pag-asa and are sold for â‚ ±99 each. The program transforms the way Globe gives back—not only by aiding partners and beneficiary communities with capital, funds for capacity and skills development and ICT tools—but also by empowering them with livelihood opportunities and by bringing them into the Globe value chain. Globe Cordillera Challenge 3 Bigger in scale than the previous Globe Cordillera biking events held in 2010 and 2011, the Globe Cordillera Challenge 3 targeted not only Globe employees, members of the media, and stakeholders, but also a broader audience of recreational bikers  and triathletes nationwide to bike a total of 27 kilometer-trail along the Cordillera mountain range from Baguio City to Mount Cabuyao and Mount Sto. Tomas in Benguet. Together with Cordillera Conservation Trust (CCT), Globe Bridging Communities changed the game by creating three different bike trails following the theme, â€Å"Choose your trail, Bike your way, Save the Cordilleras†. Bikers were given the freedom to decide which route to take based on their skill level, bike discipline and bike set-up. Total registered bikers for the Globe Cordillera Challenge 3 reached 319, while 222 bikers were in attendance on the event day, May 5. The event raised a total of â‚ ±800,000 from online registration, corporate sponsorship, and from the pooled donations of Globe Telecom employees’ own fundraising activities. The Globe Cordillera Challenge 3 also raised the bar in employee volunteerism: Globe Telecom bikers from Manila, Negros, and La Union joined the event in Baguio. Since May 2012, the Roots and Shoots nursery program of CCT has established seedling nurseries in twenty-one (21) public elementary schools in the Cordillera area. Global Filipino Teacher (GFT) ProgramThrough the Global Filipino Teacher program (GFT), educators are trained to integrate ICT in teaching basic subjects like English, Science, Math, and heKaSi. GFT is done in partnership with the Department of Education (DepEd) and the Coalition for Better Education, a Cebu-based non-profit organization composed of various education stakeholders from the academe, students, parents, non- government and business organizations. The GFT training program equips teachers with knowledge using the project- based learning approach and will train 100 new teachers and existing GFT teachers to become peer coaches to their co-teachers on the use of project-based learning (PBL), creating a community-based ripple effect of 21st century learning. Volunteaming. Volunteaming encourages employees to customize their volunteering projects and promote camaraderie in their communities of choice. As part of i-Give’s commitment to support corporate citizenship, Globe Bridging Communities matches the project with minimal funding. This project is open to all Globe employees nationwide who can form a group of five and is willing to commit eight (8) volunteer hours each. Volunteaming  allows employees to be vigilant with the social issues of the communities nearest to them. They are able to customize the assistance needed according to the needs of their communities or charity of choice. Through volunteaming, Globe employees are given access to Corporate Social Responsibility projects regardless of their work location and expertise by simply volunteering their time and talents.